The International Academic Journal of Economic and Financial Research (IAJEFR) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scholarly journal dedicated to publishing high-quality original research in economics, finance, and related fields. The journal provides an international platform for researchers, academics, policymakers, and practitioners to disseminate theoretical, empirical, and applied research addressing contemporary economic and financial issues at local, regional, and global levels. IAJEFR welcomes original research articles, review papers, case studies, and conceptual studies covering areas such as macroeconomics, microeconomics, banking, financial markets, investment, corporate finance, financial economics, international economics, and economic development. The journal promotes rigorous research, interdisciplinary perspectives, innovative methodologies, and research that contributes to academic knowledge, policy development, and professional practice. All submitted manuscripts undergo a double-blind peer-review process, with a commitment to academic integrity, transparency, and high scholarly standards.